Obesidade infantil: fatores de interferência na adesão ao tratamento dietoterápico por um grupo de crianças e adolescentes na visão dos seus responsáveis

Abstract

Obesity is the result of several genetic, metabolic, nutritional, psychosocial, cultural and environmental reaching different age groups and socioeconomic conditions. To increase the chances of morbidity and mortality, including children and adolescents, it is the focus of great concern. The multidisciplinary care is an effective tool in their treatment, however, the results depend on the adherence by patients and their families. The aim of this study was to identify possible factors affecting adherence to dietary treatment for a group of children and adolescents, in the view of the perpetrators. This is a qualitative study, with the Collective Subject Discourse method. They were conducted individual interviews with officials of pediatric patients from an obesity clinic in São Paulo, which showed an increase of body mass index value during treatment with multidisciplinary team. As a result, the majority of respondents were mothers 'home', with low level of education, average age of 41 years and 6 months and overweight. Feeding practices of patients, in the opinion of those responsible, were influenced by family members, the autonomy afforded by teens, by bad lifestyle habits, the influence of friends in the school environment and the emotional aspects arising from the mother's participation in the labor market or health problems. Although the leaders have said many items of facilities and difficulties of implementation of the guidelines provided by the nutritionist, it is important that this professional prioritizes individualizing treatment in order to support and sustain the food information, and that these patients have the look of a team multidisciplinary, since it is known that obesity has multifactorial determinants.