Proposta de um instrumento de coleta de dados de enfermagem dirigido à saúde da mulher fundamentado na teoria de Horta: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Throughout history, nursing has been structuring principles, values and standards to guide its practice through scientific knowledge. The nursing process (NP), an important advance of care model based on the scientific method, was developed by Wanda Horta in the 70´s. The NP establishes the dynamics of systematic and interrelated actions in order to provide comprehensive care. However, in many centers, this practice has not been established yet. Objective: Identify the nursing literature the conceptual models used in the construction of a data collection instrument, the history of nursing, in the health care of women based on Horta. Method: This is a research of integrative review, with a quantitative approach. The guiding question was: "What were the conceptual models used in the construction of Nursing Assessment Sheet (NAS) to evaluate women´s health, available in the literature which contemplate the focuses of nursing assessment?" The databases were: LILACS, MEDLINE and BDENF. The descriptors used: Women's Health; Obstetric Nursing; Gynecology; Nursing Records; Data collect; Physical Examination; Anamnesis; Nursing Process and Nursing Theory. The descriptors were combined in pairs according to the Boolean logic "AND". We obtained 115 articles, from which the three researchers identified seven that contemplated the inclusion criteria of the study. Then, the evaluation of articles, data collection and preparation of the instrument, the model of NAS, were preceded. Results: The articles were indexed in LILACS (100%) in Portuguese. Periodicals were: ACTA Paul. Enferm. (28.57%), Rev. Escola Anna Nery (14.28%), Rev. Ciência, Cuidado e Saúde (14.28%), REE (14.28%), REBEN (14.28%), Rev. Rede Enferm. Nordeste (14.28%). Out of the articles of the study sample, three were published in 2008 (42.85%), two in 2005 (28.6%) and two in 2012 (28.6%). According to the analysis established by the researchers, there was an effort to guide the categories according to the conceptual models presented in the articles, where it was observed that the majority aggregated to a single category. The analysis identified three categories: Category A - TNHB and / or the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP) in versions 1.0 and Beta 2; Category B - NANDA Taxonomy II and the Model of Life Activity and Category C - Bifocal Model of Clinical Practice and Functional Health Patterns were, then, dismembered, according to the conceptual models: Theory of Basic Human Needs (2 articles - 22.2%) ICNP versions 1.0 and Beta 2 (3 articles - 33.3%), NANDA Taxonomy II (2 articles - 22.2%), Life Activity (1 item - 11.2%), Functional Health Patterns (1 item - 11.1%). The last stage of the study was the development of Nursing Assessment Sheet (NAS).Conclusion: This study identified subsidies to structure a model of NAS in a scientific way that can be applied in care practice. This instrument seeks to stimulate the judgment or clinical reasoning in order to contribute to the systematic planning of nursing care. Safe, humanized and welcoming quality of care are expected to be offered.