Bioética e início da vida: um estudo sobre tendências paradigmáticas

Abstract

The ethical debate about the beginning of human life has the basic question which from the time of formation of the new human being should (ethical duty) which give you protection. Through a multidisciplinar critical analysis of the arguments used it explicits some paradigmatic ethical argumentation trends on the protection of human life in its embryonic and fetal stages and assesses the plausibility of the arguments of each of them in order to determine the at which stage human life should be (moral duty) protected. Based on the many epistemic, biological, philosophical, anthropological, and sociological fields, the paper thinks over the status of the human embryo, respecting the multidisciplinarity that should guide the bioethical discourse. From the three basic ways to understand the status of the embryo: absolute, evolutionary or relational position, it deepens the argument of absolute position concluding that this is the one that best answers the question proposed from an ethic guided by prudence.