O olhar do enfermeiro à luz da espiritualidade e na qualidade de vida do paciente oncológico: uma reflexão bioética

Abstract

The purpose was to verify the impact of spirituality in face of the falling ill process a in the quality of life in patients diagnosed with cancer from a Bioethical viewpo Method and casuistries: The first stage, a cross-cultural validation of the "Spiri Assessment Scale" was carried out with 6 nurses, experts in the Nursing Spirituality area, involving 11 medical clinic patients. After this stage the scale w tested on 25 patients with oncologic diagnoses and the quality of life of these patie was examined (WHOQOL-BREF) in relation to spirituality. Results: A survey on educational background of experts (50% had a Master's Degree, time of gradua 15.3±13 years). The patients (54.5% the female sex with average age of 49.6 years). Internal consistency and comparison of answers between experts patients was carried out using the binomial test and the Gama and Mann Whit tests. The instrument's reliability and internal consistency were obtained using Cronbach Alpha statistic test. In the second stage, the scale was applied to oncology patients, 52% the female sex, 48% college level education, age of 46 14 years, 56% Catholic and 72% married, 16% were homemakers, 40% for b marrow transplantation and hospital stay was 9:13 days. The "spiritual well-be scale on oncology patients showed that the average of the sum for personal (32.1±3 points), religious practice (29.5±7) and spiritual peace (3216 points). score average distribution regarding overall life (3.9±1 points) and in relatio satisfaction with their health (3.6±1 points). It was noted that the populatio question shows a higher score for quality of life than for satisfaction with health, g their current health condition. In 4 domains of the WHOQOL-Bref, physical dor (105.9 points): psychological domain (101.8); social domain (55.1); environm domain (132.9 points). Conclusion: The high spiritual peace scores were compa with the quality of life scores identified in the population, showing that spiritual being has an impact on quality of life, a support in facing up to the disease. the point of Bioethics, an area that seeks to examine moral and ethical dilemmas. dialogues and in a multi and interdisciplinary context, "Bioethics of Protection" st out. It consists in giving support to vulnerable beings affected by an onco disease, so that they may face suffering. Health professionals should conside need for spirituality as one more aspect capable of interfering in the life quality person under clinical care, especially in the area of oncology, allowing the patie grow stronger emotionally and to face suffering with dignity. Spirituality is mobilizes the human being in surpassing and transcending the physical in ord face up to difficult situations. In the same manner, Bioethics and Spirituality allo a reflection space in care actions, which assumes that human beings need cared for by Nurses imbued with ethics and with holistic dispositions.